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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| បន្តិច | bɑntəc | 1. a little, a little bit, in small amounts, few 2. rather, slightly, just barely 3. in a little while Notes: ជើង ត |
| មកដល់ | mɔɔk dɑl | to arrive at, come to |
| កន្លែង | kɑnlaeŋ | 1. place, location, region 2. clf. for locations |
| លក់ | lʊək | 1. to sell 2. asleep {ដេកលក់ = to be sound asleep, to sleep deeply} {ដេកមិនលក់ = to not be able to fall asleep, to have insomnia} |
| បាយ | baay | 1. cooked rice 2. food, meal |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ជួប | cuəp | to meet (especially intentionally) |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | with, by (means of), (attached) to |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| អ្នកលក់ | neak lʊək | seller |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| ម្ចាស់ | mcah | boss, owner, master |
| តូប | toup | 1. hut, cottage 2. kiosk, stand, stall 3. pavilion 4. small shrine |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| ហាង | haaŋ | store, shop |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| តាម | taam | 1. to follow, to agree, to go along {ដើរតាមភ្ញៀវគ្រប់ជំហាន = to follow the customer’s every step} 2. according to, in accordance with, following, along, by, through {តាមអាយុ = according to age} {តាមសម្រួល = take it easy/take your time} 3. on, in, along {ជិះម៉ូតូតាមផ្លូវ = to ride a motorbike on the street} {ជិះតាមផ្លូវតូចៗ = to drive on small roads} {នៅតាមខេត្ត = in/throughout the province} {លក់នៅតាមផ្សារ = to sell in the market} |
| ចិញ្ចើមផ្លូវ | cəɲcaəm pləv | curb, sidewalk, roadside |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ផ្លូវ | pləv | 1. road, street, route 2. way, style, cause, matter |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ធ្វើការ | tvəə kaa | to work |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ទិញ | tɨɲ | to buy |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| អាហារ | ʔaahaa | food, meal |
| ពេលព្រឹក | peel prɨk | morning, in the morning |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| ប្រទេស | prɑteeh | country, nation |
| កម្ពុជា | kampuʔcie | Cambodia |
| ច្រើន | craən | 1. much, many, numerous, very much 2. mostly, often |
| ប្រភេទ | prɑpʰeet | category, variety, class, kind, type, species, aspect, nature, characteristic |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |
| ស្រូប | sroup | 1. to suck/draw in, sip 2. to absorb, soak up 3. to be absorbant 4. to lure, attract 5. to record (sounds) 6. to fill (with) 7. to gulp/wolf down (food) 8. to pour soup/water over rice 9. [colloquial] to spend a lot of money on some endeavour, to take/require a lot of money |
| បបរ | bɑbɑɑ | porridge |
| នំបញ្ចុក | num bɑɲcok | kind of vermicelli-like noodle made of rice flour (it is usually served in coiled masses with sauce and fresh vegetables) |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| គុយទាវ | kuy tiev | kind of noodle soup |
| ជាដើម | cie daəm | 1. for example, for instance 2. as above, as listed (or given) above 3. first of all, first and foremost |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| ជាទូទៅ | cie tuu təv | in general, as a whole, generally |
| ពួក | puək | 1. plural marker 2. group, grouping, society, association |
| ញ៉ាំ | ɲam | to eat, to drink, to consume {ញ៉ាំបាយ = general term for 'to eat' (neutral form for younger persons and persons of the same age)} Notes: informal, of oneself, addressing children or close friends but not elders |
| មុននឹង | mun nɨŋ | before (doing something) |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ទៅដល់ | tɨv dɑl | 1. to arrive, to reach, to go to 2. until, up to 3. to, toward |
| កន្លែងធ្វើការ | kɑnlaeŋ tvəə kaa | office, workplace |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ទើប | təəp | 1. then, only then, next 2. so, consequently {យប់មិញជួបមិត្តចាស់ទើបខ្ញុំញ៉ាំស្រា = yesterday, I met old friends, so I had drinks [with them]} 3. just {ទើបមកដល់ម្សិលមិញ = [they’ve] just arrived yesterday} |
| ប្រអប់ | prɑʔɑp | (small) box, case |
| ខ្ចប់ | kcɑp | to pack, wrap, make into a package |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| ដោយសារតែ | daoy saa tae | because |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ទាន់ | toan | 1. to reach, attain 2. to catch up with, overtake 3. to be timely, appropriate 4. to be on/in time 5. on time 6. while |
| ម៉ោង | maoŋ | 1. hour 2. o'clock 3. clock, time {សប្បាយពេកភ្លេចមើលម៉ោង = it was so much fun that I forgot to watch the clock} {គាត់សល់ម៉ោងច្រើនដែរ = she still has a lot of time} |
| ពេលវេលា | peel veelie | time |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| រួច | ruəc | 1. to finish, end, achieve, complete 2. indicates the possibility of completing the action of the main verb, to be able 3. already, then, after that |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| កុម្ម៉ង់ | kommɑŋ | to order (e.g., food) |
| ហុច | hoc | 1. to extend the hand (to give or to take something) 2. to hand over, offer to, pass/hand (something to someone) 3. to provide, yield 4. to utter (a sound), to pronounce, say |
| លុយ | luy | 1. money 2. small change, coin |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| ថ្លៃ | tlay | 1. expensive, dear, valuable 2. cost, price, value |
| ជម្រើស | cumrəəh | 1. choice, selection 2. things that have been picked up or tidied up 3. left over, low quality Notes: root: រើស; also written ជំរើស |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| អង្គុយ | ʔɑŋkuy | to sit, to sit down |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ប្រអប់ស្នោ | prɑʔɑp snao | foam box (for food) |
| យ៉ាង | yaaŋ | 1. kind, type, way, manner 2. clf. for kinds, types 3. pre-adjectival particle forming adverbial phrases {យ៉ាងខ្លី = briefly} 4. pre-adjectival particle, similar to ដ៏, used to connect an attributive to a noun, it often has a slight emphatic meaning: very |
| សណ្ដាប់ធ្នាប់ | sɑndap tnoap | 1. conduct, manners, behavior, discipline, personality, order, method, arrangement 2. act, action Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ទៀត | tiət | 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional 2. to be different, other |
| ផង | pʰɑɑŋ | 1. also, too, as well 2. marker indicating entreaty or a polite request: please ..., would you ... |
| ស្លាបព្រា | slaap prie | 1. spoon 2. spoonful |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| ងាយស្រួល | ŋiey sruǝl | easy (e.g., to do, to use) |
| ដូច | douc | alike, similar, like, as |
| សម្រាប់ | sɑmrap | 1. for 2. used for, used to (make or do something) |