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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| មនុស្ស | mɔnuh, meaʔnuh | human being, person |
| ចំនួន | cɑmnuən | amount, number, quantity |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| ក្រុម | krom | group, team |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ប្រុស | proh | man, male |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| ស្រី | srəy | woman, female |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| លេង | leeŋ | 1. to play 2. to do something for fun or pleasure 3. to joke |
| ចោលឈូង | caol cʰuuŋ | to toss a rolled-up scarf (in a traditional Cambodian game) |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ល្បែង | lbaeŋ | 1. game, pastime, amusement, playing 2. gambling Notes: root: លេង |
| ប្រជាប្រិយ | prɑcieprəy | 1. popularity, fame 2. to be popular |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| ខ្មែរ | kmae | Khmer, Cambodian |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| ពិធី | piʔtʰii | 1. ceremony, celebration, ritual 2. occasion 3. process, method, way 4. traditions, customary rules |
| ចូលឆ្នាំ | coul cnam | New Year |
| ថ្មី | tməy | new |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ចែកចេញជា | caek cəɲ cie | to be divided into |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ឈូង | cʰuuŋ | 1. gulf , bay, cove 2. corner 3. kind of heart-shaped pillow used in a traditional game of the same name: it is usually played by two sides, one of boys and one of girls, each side throws the ឈូង to the other and they scramble for it, the one who gets the ឈូង goes to a neutral area and may hit the thrower with the ឈូង |
| ធ្វើ | tvəə | 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare 2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice} |
| អំពី | ʔɑmpii | 1. about, concerning, relative to 2. from, out of {អំពីថ្ងៃនេះទៅ = from this day on} |
| បាល់ | bal | 1. ball 2. ball game |
| ក្រណាត់ | krɑnat | cloth, fabric |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| ចង | cɑɑŋ | to tie, bind, fasten, link, attach, connect |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| កន្ទុយ | kɑntuy | 1. tail 2. end, tip 3. clf. for fish |
| ទុក | tuk | 1. to put, set, place, arrange 2. to set aside, keep, retain, save, preserve, maintain, conserve, hold (in reserve) {ទុកញ៉ាំ = to keep for eating later} |
| សម្រាប់ | sɑmrap | 1. for 2. used for, used to (make or do something) |
| ចោល | caol | 1. to throw (away), to discard 2. to abandon, to desert, to reject |
| ខាង | kʰaaŋ | 1. side, part 2. direction 3. pertaining to, with regard to |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| ម្ខាង | mkʰaaŋ | 1. one side, one (of a pair) 2. at/on one side, at the other side Notes: contraction of មួយខាង |
| ម្ខាងទៀត | mkʰaaŋ tiət | the other side, the other one (of a pair) |
| អ្នក | neak | 1. you (to equals of both sexes) 2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives) |
| ចាប់ | cap | 1. to catch, capture, seize, grasp, get 2. to receive (e.g., a radio or television broadcast) 3. to select 4. clf. for handfuls 5. to begin to, undertake, start 6. to be painful |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| គប់ | kup | 1. to associate with, seek an acquaintanceship, maintain friendly relations 2. to throw/cast (overhand) 3. wooden mallet 4. to strike with a wooden mallet 5. faggot, bundle of sticks or straw used as a torch 6. trophy, award 7. circuit breaker |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| រក | rɔɔk | 1. to look, search for, seek 2. to look up (e.g., in a dictionary) 3. to see, to visit 4. to request, ask for, ask someone to do something 5. to think about, plan/intend to {រកទៅ … = I’m thinking of [doing sth.], I’m about to [do sth.]} {ខ្ញុំរកជម្រាបលាលោកអ៊ំសិនហើយ = I'm thinking of saying goodbye already, uncle} {ខ្ញុំគិតរកទៅសិនហើយណា = I'm thinking of going/I'm about to leave} {ខ្ញុំកំពុងរកចង់ព្យួររូបថតមួយនេះ = I’m about to hang up a picture here} 6. is about to {មេឃរកភ្លៀងតែអត់ភ្លៀងសោះ = the sky looks like it’s going to rain but it isn’t raining at all} |
| វិញ | vɨɲ | again, back, instead |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| គ្រោះថ្នាក់ | krʊək tnak | 1. accident 2. danger, risk 3. to be dangerous |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| ទោះជា | tʊəh cie | even though, although |
| ប៉ះទង្គិច | pah tʊəŋkɨc | 1. to clash, collide, bump into 2. to skirmish |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ឈឺចាប់ | cʰɨɨ cap | 1. to be sick, ill 2. to feel acute pain, hurt, suffer 3. to be hurt (physically or mentally) |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| សប្បាយ | sapbaay | 1. happy, pleasant, fun 2. kind, beneficial, healthy |
| រីករាយ | riik riey | to be happy, glad, enthusiastic |
| ទើប | təəp | 1. then, only then, next 2. so, consequently {យប់មិញជួបមិត្តចាស់ទើបខ្ញុំញ៉ាំស្រា = yesterday, I met old friends, so I had drinks [with them]} 3. just {ទើបមកដល់ម្សិលមិញ = [they’ve] just arrived yesterday} |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| បង្ក | bɑŋkɑɑ | to create, to cause (something) to happen, to foment |
| ផល | pʰɑl | 1. fruit 2. product, output, result, reaction, effect 3. benefit, interest, profit, progress, wealth 4. luck, (good or bad), consequences of one's actions, karma |
| ប៉ះពាល់ | pah poal | 1. to touch 2. to affect, have an effect on 3. to violate, infringe on 4. to collide with |
| របួស | rɔbuəh | 1. to be injured, wounded 2. wound, injury |
| បោះ | bɑh | 1. to throw (away), cast, fling 2. to cast (a vote) {ខ្ញុំបោះហើយ = I've voted already} 3. to scatter 4. to broadcast 5. to sow (seed) 6. to thrust (down) into, force in, insert, drive/fix (a stake in the ground) 7. to implant, set up 8. to locate, station, pitch a camp 9. to crush, grind, gin (cotton) 10. to imprint/impress (a seal), stamp, affix 11. to publish 12. to sell in large quantities with limited profit 13. to take a step |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ចំណែកឯ | cɑmnaek ʔae | as for, as to, regarding |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| ដៃ | day | 1. arm, hand 2. handle, lever, crank 3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot 4. tendril 5. trunk (of an elephant) 6. sleeve 7. steering wheel 8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass 9. clf. for slaps 10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk 11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts |
| លក្ខខណ្ឌ | leakkʰan | condition, limit, terms, clauses Notes: also written ល័ក្ខខ័ណ្ឌ |
| គ្នា | knie | 1. together 2. mutually, reciprocally 3. I/me/my (informal, intimate) 4. he/she/they/we (informal, intimate) 5. assistant, helper, colleague 6. friend, companion 7. people 8. clf. for persons |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| ច្រៀង | crieŋ | 1. to sing 2. to hum |
| រាំ | roam | to dance |
| ទៅតាម | tɨv taam | 1. by, according to, through {គេគិតតម្លៃទៅតាមគីឡូ = they’re charging by the kilo} 2. to pursue, go after, go along with 3. to send for 4. to retrieve |
| ចង់ | cɑŋ | 1. to want/wish/desire (to do something) 2. to flirt with, court, woo (a girl) 3. to approach, draw near 4. about to (do something), on the point of 5. even if |
| ឈ្នះ | cneah | to win |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| ក្លាយ | klaay | 1. to change (into), become, transform (into) 2. to alter/transform something 3. to be changed 4. to be false, fake, counterfeit 5. impure, adulterated |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |
| ចាញ់ | caɲ | 1. to be overcome/beaten/defeated (by), to lose 2. to be unable to tolerate/withstand 3. to be sensitive/allergic to 4. to be unhealthy/unwholesome (of a climate) 5. to be less than, inferior to 6. to be not as [adjective] as |