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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ប្រមូល | prɑmoul | to assemble, collect, gather, accumulate, concentrate |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| កន្ត្រក | kɑntrɑɑk | market basket, woven bag {កន្ត្រកខោអាវ = laundry basket} Notes: ជើង ត |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| បន្ទាប់មក | bɑntoap mɔɔk | next, then, afterwards, later |
| ទៀត | tiət | 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional 2. to be different, other |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| បុរស | boʔrɑh | man, male person |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| ខោអាវ | kʰao ʔaav | clothes, clothing |
| ស្រោមជើង | sraom cəəŋ | socks |
| ជាមួយនឹង | cie muəy nɨŋ | 1. together, along with 2. with |
| ពណ៌ | poa | color, complexion |
| ផ្សេង | pseeŋ | to differ, to be different (from each other), to be separate |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |
| អាវយឺត | ʔaav yɨɨt | T-shirt |
| អាវ | ʔaav | shirt, blouse, coat, upper garment |
| ផ្ទះ | pteah | house, home, residence, building |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| គេង | keeŋ | to lie down, to sleep |
| យប់ | yup | night, evening |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| លើក | lǝǝk | 1. to lift, raise, elevate, boost, hoist {លើកដៃសំពះ = to raise the hands in a greeting or respectful gesture} {លើករបស់ = to lift something} {លើកទូរស័ព្ទ = to pick up the phone} 2. to erect, build, establish, create 3. to form 4. to levy/raise (e.g., troops) 5. to perform/celebrate (a ritual or ceremony) 6. to exalt 7. to rouse 8. to transport 9. to exhume, dig up 10. to postpone, adjourn, cancel 11. time, occasion, instance, session {លើកមុន = last time} 12. except, unless |
| ទាំងនោះ | teaŋ nuh | all of those |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ខាងក្រៅ | kʰaaŋ krav | 1. outside, outside of 2. on/from the outside |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ហាល | haal | 1. to dry (something in the sun or wind), expose to the elements 2. to spread out, display 3. to be in the open air 4. to be (sun)dried |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| មកកាន់ | mɔɔk kan | to, toward (in the direction of the speaker) |
| ស្នួ | snuə | 1. clothesline 2. tightrope, high wire 3. small bridge, footbridge, catwalk, plank/board (for crossing something) 4. pole, bar |
| ប្រដាប់ | prɑdap | 1. tool, instrument, implement, utensil, device (widely used to form new words for various kinds of modern mechanical devices such as bottle openers, mine detectors, and stethoscopes) 2. the male genitals 3. to prepare, get ready, set up 4. to fit out, equip 5. to regulate, adjust, put right, put in good order 6. to arrange 7. to decorate, adorn 8. clf. for complete sets (e.g., of clothing) 9. series, assortment, collection, pack (e.g., of cards) |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ឧបករណ៍ | ʔuʔpaʔkɑɑ | 1. instrument, tool, implement, device 2. supplies, equipment 3. in general any instrument or means for achieving a purpose 4. part (of a mechanism) 5. assistance, aid, help, service, support, means of existence |
| សម្រាប់ | sɑmrap | 1. for 2. used for, used to (make or do something) |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ធ្វើឡើង | tvəə laəŋ | 1. to organize, take place 2. to build, make (from) {ទូកគឺយើងធ្វើឡើងអំពីដែក = we use metal to make boats} |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| បោក | baok | 1. to beat (against a fixed object), smash, to slam, throw violently 2. to do the laundry, to wash clothes {បោកខោអាវ = to do the laundry, to wash clothes} 3. to launder, wash by beating 4. to overthrow 5. to throw oneself to the ground 6. to thresh 7. to cheat, dupe, swindle, trick |
| រួច | ruəc | 1. to finish, end, achieve, complete 2. indicates the possibility of completing the action of the main verb, to be able 3. already, then, after that |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ក្រោម | kraom | 1. below, beneath, under 2. to be located below, under 3. to be located to the south/downstream |
| ពន្លឺ | pʊənlɨɨ | light, ray/flash of light, illumination, brightness |
| ព្រះអាទិត្យ | preah ʔaatɨt | sun |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| ឆាប់ | cʰap | 1. quick, quickly, promptly, right away 2. in haste, urgently 3. soon 4. early |
| ស្ងួត | sŋuət | dry |
| ជាក់ស្ដែង | ceak sdaeŋ | 1. clear, sure 2. clearly, surely, obviously Notes: ជើង ដ |
| យួរ | yuə | to carry (by a handle) |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| ក្រៅ | krav | 1. outside, out 2. foreign |
| ជាធម្មតា | cie tʰoam meaʔ taa | normally, usually |
| ខាងមុខ | kʰaaŋ muk | 1. front, in front (of), ahead 2. forward, facing forward 3. in the future, coming |
| ដី | dəy | 1. earth, land, ground, soil 2. territory |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ទើប | təəp | 1. then, only then, next 2. so, consequently {យប់មិញជួបមិត្តចាស់ទើបខ្ញុំញ៉ាំស្រា = yesterday, I met old friends, so I had drinks [with them]} 3. just {ទើបមកដល់ម្សិលមិញ = [they’ve] just arrived yesterday} |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| គ្រប់គ្រាន់ | krup kroan | sufficient, enough, adequate |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| ខ្យល់ | kcɑl, kyɑl, ksɑl | wind, air, breath (wind/air is believed to be the cause of many types of illnesses, such as fainting, dizziness, stomach ache, etc.) |
| អាកាស | ʔaakaah | 1. air, atmosphere, sky 2. open air, open space, outer space 3. fresh air, breeze |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| ម៉ាស៊ីន | maasin | machine, motor, engine, device Notes: also pronounced maasɨn |
| សើម | saəm | damp, humid, wet, moist |
| ឡើយ | laəy | 1. at all, absolutely 2. generally used with the negative particles កុំ, គ្មាន, ពុំ, មិន, ឥត, to express the idea of incompleted action, existence or progressing action |
| ទទឹក | tɔtɨk | wet |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| សិន | sən | 1. [phrase-final] for now, for the time being, for a moment 2. [phrase-final] first Notes: polite final hortatory particle |
| មុននឹង | mun nɨŋ | before (doing something) |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ប្រើប្រាស់ | praə prah | to use |