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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| នារី | nierii | girl, young woman |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| មកដល់ | mɔɔk dɑl | to arrive at, come to |
| ធនាគារ | tʰeaʔniekie | 1. bank 2. treasury |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ប៉ុន្តែ | pontae | but, however Notes: ជើង ត; root: តែ |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| អត់ | ʔɑt | 1. no, not 2. to be without, lacking 3. to restrain oneself, abstain from 4. particle to form yes/no questions |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| រក | rɔɔk | 1. to look, search for, seek 2. to look up (e.g., in a dictionary) 3. to see, to visit 4. to request, ask for, ask someone to do something 5. to think about, plan/intend to {រកទៅ … = I’m thinking of [doing sth.], I’m about to [do sth.]} {ខ្ញុំរកជម្រាបលាលោកអ៊ំសិនហើយ = I'm thinking of saying goodbye already, uncle} {ខ្ញុំគិតរកទៅសិនហើយណា = I'm thinking of going/I'm about to leave} {ខ្ញុំកំពុងរកចង់ព្យួររូបថតមួយនេះ = I’m about to hang up a picture here} 6. is about to {មេឃរកភ្លៀងតែអត់ភ្លៀងសោះ = the sky looks like it’s going to rain but it isn’t raining at all} |
| តម្រង់ | tɑmrɑŋ | 1. to straighten (out), to put in a straight line {តម្រង់ជួរ = to queue} 2. to direct, to aim 3. to rectify 4. in a straight line Notes: root: ត្រង់ |
| ជួរ | cuə | 1. column, line, row 2. formation, rank 3. family line, lineage 4. clf. for rows, lines, 12-year cycles, generations |
| វិញ | vɨɲ | again, back, instead |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| មនុស្ស | mɔnuh, meaʔnuh | human being, person |
| ជាច្រើន | cie craən | many, a lot, in abundance |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| នាក់ | neak | clf. for people |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ឈរ | cʰɔɔ | to stand (up) |
| គ្នា | knie | 1. together 2. mutually, reciprocally 3. I/me/my (informal, intimate) 4. he/she/they/we (informal, intimate) 5. assistant, helper, colleague 6. friend, companion 7. people 8. clf. for persons |
| ខាងមុខ | kʰaaŋ muk | 1. front, in front (of), ahead 2. forward, facing forward 3. in the future, coming |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| បង្អស់ | bɑŋʔɑh | 1. to consume, use up, exhaust, waste 2. to spend 3. to complete, conclude 4. to be the most, extreme, highest 5. the best/most/last/first of all 6. end, tip, peak, extremity |
| ខាង | kʰaaŋ | 1. side, part 2. direction 3. pertaining to, with regard to |
| ស្ដាំ | sdam | right, to the right, on the right Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ដៃ | day | 1. arm, hand 2. handle, lever, crank 3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot 4. tendril 5. trunk (of an elephant) 6. sleeve 7. steering wheel 8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass 9. clf. for slaps 10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk 11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| បុរស | boʔrɑh | man, male person |
| ពាក់ | peak | 1. to wear (shirt, hat, ring, shoes, but not pants) 2. to put on 3. to hang up, suspend, hang on |
| អាវ | ʔaav | shirt, blouse, coat, upper garment |
| ពណ៌ | poa | color, complexion |
| ស | sɑɑ | color: white |
| ស្លៀក | sliək | to put on or wear clothing (below the waist only: skirts, trousers) |
| ខោ | kʰao | pants, trousers |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| ស្បែកជើង | sbaek cǝǝŋ | shoes, boots, footwear |
| ដែរ | dae | 1. also, too, likewise, in the same way 2. indeed, quite, rather 3. marks a polite, gentler, less abrupt statement: all the same, even so, nevertheless |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| កុមារី | koʔmaarəy | 1. young girl 2. young Notes: formal |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ក្មេងស្រី | kmeeŋ srǝy | girl |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| ខ្មៅ | kmav | black, dark (colored) |
| ចង | cɑɑŋ | to tie, bind, fasten, link, attach, connect |
| សក់ | sɑk | hair |
| ទីទុយ | tiituy | 1. kind of owl 2. kind of hairstyle as in សក់ទីទុយ |
| ក្បែរ | kbae | to be near, close to |
| ឪពុក | ʔǝv puk | father |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| លឿង | lɨəŋ | color: yellow |
| ដៃខ្លី | day kləy | short sleeve {ពាក់អាវសដៃខ្លី = [he's] wearing a white short sleeve shirt} |
| ជើង | cəəŋ | 1. foot, leg 2. base, bottom 3. edge 4. subscript form of a Cambodian consonant 5. immediate vicinity 6. north {ខាងជើង = north} 7. way, path, trip 8. clf. for trips or occurrences 9. to be an expert/veteran/skilled at + verb |
| វែង | vɛɛŋ | long, tall |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ទាំង | teaŋ | 1. all, both {ទាំងពីរ = both} {ទាំង ... ទាំង ... = both ... and ...} 2. entirely, completely 3. adverb marker equivalent to ដោយ |
| អ្នក | neak | 1. you (to equals of both sexes) 2. person, one who... (used as an agentive particle to create nouns from predicatives) |
| កូន | koun | 1. child (of someone, as opposed to ក្មេង = child in general) 2. animal baby, young 3. small member of a class or set, small object {កូនថង់ = small bag} |
| ចំកណ្ដាល | cɑm kɑndaal | 1. right in the center, exactly in the middle 2. just what is needed Notes: ជើង ដ |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| នៃ | ney | 1. of, belonging to (more literary and formal than របស់) 2. links verb and its object |
| ខាងក្រោយ | kʰaaŋ kraoy | behind, in the back |
| ទៀត | tiət | 1. again, still, more, further, yet, additional 2. to be different, other |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| ស្វាយ | svaay | 1. mango 2. color: purple, violet, mauve |
| ខ្លី | kləy | short (in length) |
| ច្រត់ | crɑt | 1. to lean upon, support oneself with the hand(s) or a cane 2. to have the hands in the pockets {គាត់ច្រត់ហោប៉ៅ = he has his hands in his pockets} |
| ហោប៉ៅ | hao pav | |
| ជ្រែងហោប៉ៅ | crɛɛŋ hao pav | to have the hands in the pockets |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| ពួកគេ | puək kee | they |
| បី | bəy | three |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| វ័យ | vey | age, range of age Notes: also written វយ |
| អាយុ | ʔaayuʔ | 1. to be ... years old 2. age |
| ប្រហែល | prɑhael | 1. about, approximately 2. resembling, similar to, nearly identical 3. almost 4. maybe, probably, it is possible that, perhaps |
| ម្ភៃ | mpʰey | twenty |
| ប្រាំ | pram | five |
| ឆ្នាំ | cnam | year |
| ស្ពាយ | spiey | 1. to carry slung across/suspended from the shoulder, carry by means of a shoulder strap 2. shoulder strap (e.g., of a rifle) |
| កាបូប | kaaboup | 1. bag 2. purse, wallet |
| ធំ | tʰom | to be big, tall, vast, important Notes: irregular pronunciation |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |