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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| ចូល | coul | 1. to enter, go in, penetrate 2. to approach 3. to reach 4. to begin, set in 5. may indicate the adverbial meaning of ‘inwardly’ or ‘forwardly’ directed movement 6. to enter into, subscribe to, contribute to 7. to take in (as revenue) 8. to mate (of animals) 9. to go into a trance (of a medium) 10. to possess (as a spirit possesses a medium) 11. to agree with |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| ម៉ោង | maoŋ | 1. hour 2. o'clock 3. clock, time {សប្បាយពេកភ្លេចមើលម៉ោង = it was so much fun that I forgot to watch the clock} {គាត់សល់ម៉ោងច្រើនដែរ = she still has a lot of time} |
| ល្ងាច | lŋiec | evening, late afternoon |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| សិស្ស | səh | student |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ចេញ | cəɲ | 1. to go out, leave, emerge, exit 2. to issue, bring out, come out (of a publication) 3. to emit, utter 4. out, off, away (also figuratively) {ខ្ញុំគិតអត់ចេញ = I can't figure it out} 5. to pay out, pay for, lay out (money), spend 6. to gain, earn, save 7. to play (a card) |
| ពី | pii | from, since, of, about, at |
| សាលា | saalaa | 1. hall 2. school 3. institution, establishment 4. court (of law) 5. kind of relay station/shelter on the road between two towns or villages |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| ក្មេងប្រុស | kmeeŋ proh | boy |
| ដដែល | dɑdael | 1. to be identical, alike, the same 2. as before, over and over, in the same way |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| ជិះ | cih | to ride (in or on a car, horse, boat, plane, train) |
| ម៉ូតូ | moutou | motorbike, motorcycle |
| ត្រលប់ | trɑlɑp | 1. to return 2. to turn around |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ផ្ទះ | pteah | house, home, residence, building |
| វិញ | vɨɲ | again, back, instead |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ដៃ | day | 1. arm, hand 2. handle, lever, crank 3. branch (of a tree, bamboo, or a river), offshoot 4. tendril 5. trunk (of an elephant) 6. sleeve 7. steering wheel 8. clf. for handfuls of young rice plants/grass 9. clf. for slaps 10. command to an elephant not to move its trunk or not to pull up something with its trunk 11. clf. for a bunch of 10 areca nuts |
| របស់ | rɔbɑh | 1. object, thing, belonging, property 2. of, belonging to |
| កាន់ | kan | 1. to hold, carry in the hand, grasp, hang on to 2. to control, be in charge of, be responsible for 3. to withstand, support, sustain, bear 4. to hold to, believe in, keep/observe (e.g., a religion) {កាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធ = to believe in Buddhism} 5. (of a spirit) to possess |
| ចង្កូត | cɑŋkout | rudder, helm, tiller, steering mechanism/wheel, controls (of a motor) {ចង្កូតឡាន = steering wheel (of a car)} {ចង្កូតម៉ូតូ = handlebar (of a motorbike)} |
| ភ្នែក | pnɛɛk | 1. eye 2. cell on the skin of a pineapple 3. future 4. to be next, forthcoming |
| សម្លឹង | samlǝŋ | to gaze, to stare Notes: root: ស្លឹង; also written សំឡឹង |
| ទៅមុខ | tɨv muk | 1. to go forward, to advance, to go in front 2. forward |
| ត្រង់ | trɑŋ | 1. straight, directly 2. exactly in (some spot) 3. upright, vertical 4. frank, honest, fair |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| កញ្ចក់ | kɑɲcɑk | 1. mirror, glass, pane of glass 2. screen 3. reflection, example |
| មើល | məəl | 1. to look at, to watch, to watch for, to observe 2. to read (to oneself), to review (a lesson) 3. to examine, survey, inspect 4. to observe 5. to treat (medically) 6. to care for, take care of 7. to consider, regard 8. particle: come on, give it a try 9. let me see! 10. phrase-final: softens a command or request {ជួយបង្ហាញតិចមើល = Please show me!} |
| ក្រោយ | kraoy | 1. to be next, behind, after 2. back 3. later, next 4. in the future |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| ផងដែរ | pʰɑɑŋ dae | also, too, as well |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| សុវត្ថិភាព | soʔvattʰeʔpʰiep | 1. goodness, prosperity, happiness, success 2. good health 3. safety |
| ខាងក្រោយ | kʰaaŋ kraoy | behind, in the back |
| ម្នាក់ | mneak | 1. one person (contraction of មួយនាក់) 2. alone |
| ពាក់ | peak | 1. to wear (shirt, hat, ring, shoes, but not pants) 2. to put on 3. to hang up, suspend, hang on |
| មួកសុវត្ថិភាព | muək soʔvattʰeʔpʰiep | helmet, motorcycle helmet |
| ពណ៌ | poa | color, complexion |
| ស | sɑɑ | color: white |
| អាវរងា | ʔaav rɔŋie | 1. sweater 2. coat |
| ទោះបីជា | tʊəh bəy cie | although, even though |
| ពេលល្ងាច | peel lŋiec | evening, in the evening |
| ក៏ដោយ | kɑɑ daoy | 1. (who)soever, (what)soever 2. whether or not, it makes no difference, even if 3. even though, although |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| សីតុណ្ហភាព | səytonhaʔpʰiep | 1. temperature 2. climate |
| ត្រជាក់ | trɑceak | 1. to be cold/cool (to the touch, less intense than រងា) 2. refreshing 3. to be subtle |
| ជាង | cieŋ | 1. (more) ... than, in excess of, exceeding, to a greater extent than 2. marks the comparative degree of an adjective {ល្អជាង = better} 3. craftsman, artisan, skilled worker, smith {ជាងថត = camera man} |
| ពេលព្រឹក | peel prɨk | morning, in the morning |
| រក្សា | reaksaa | 1. to take care of, protect 2. to keep, maintain 3. to observe, pay attention to, watch |
| ភាព | pʰiep | state, condition, shape, manner |
| កក់ក្ដៅ | kɑk kdav | 1. warm, affectionate 2. to comfort 3. to keep warm Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ជាប់ | coap | 1. to link together 2. to stick to, adhere to 3. to hold on 4. to find oneself in (a situation) {ជាប់ផុងក្នុងភក់ = [of a car] to get bogged down in the mud} 5. to be fastened, joined, attached 6. to be (firmly) connected or linked (to) 7. to be adjacent (to) {៣ ឆ្នាំជាប់គ្នា = three years in a row} 8. to be caught 9. to be associated with 10. to be occupied (with), very busy (with), deeply involved (in) {ខ្ញុំជាប់មានការរវល់បន្តិច = I'm a bit busy} 11. to be a heavy ... (e.g., drinker, smoker) 12. to be addicted to something 13. adjacent to, next to 14. to undergo 15. to pass (an examination) {ខ្ញុំសម្ភាសន៍ការងារជាប់ហើយ! = I’ve passed the job interview!} 16. to be durable 17. firm 18. tenacious 19. tenaciously 20. incessantly, constantly, always |
| ជានិច្ច | cie nɨc | always |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ខ្យល់ | kcɑl, kyɑl, ksɑl | wind, air, breath (wind/air is believed to be the cause of many types of illnesses, such as fainting, dizziness, stomach ache, etc.) |
| យ៉ាង | yaaŋ | 1. kind, type, way, manner 2. clf. for kinds, types 3. pre-adjectival particle forming adverbial phrases {យ៉ាងខ្លី = briefly} 4. pre-adjectival particle, similar to ដ៏, used to connect an attributive to a noun, it often has a slight emphatic meaning: very |
| ច្រើន | craən | 1. much, many, numerous, very much 2. mostly, often |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ខ្លាំង | klaŋ | 1. to be strong, vigorous 2. loud 3. firm, sturdy 4. serious 5. strongly, vigorously, exceedingly |
| ប៉ះ | pah | 1. to hit, to collide with 2. to touch, come in contact with 3. to meet, encounter, confront |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | with, by (means of), (attached) to |
| ខ្លួន | kluən | 1. body, figure, person, self 2. reflexive pronoun: myself, yourself, himself etc. |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| ធ្វើឲ្យ | tvəə ʔaoy | 1. to cause, make (someone) do (something) 2. to do (something) for (someone) (often used to form causative compounds) |
| រងា | rɔŋie | 1. to be chilly, cold 2. to feel cold |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ស្ពាយ | spiey | 1. to carry slung across/suspended from the shoulder, carry by means of a shoulder strap 2. shoulder strap (e.g., of a rifle) |
| កាតាប | kaataap | 1. briefcase, satchel 2. backpack |
| ទៅ | tɨv | 1. to go (away from the speaker in space or time), to go to/towards, go on, continue, advance, go away 2. towards 3. from now on, from then on (often used as a particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past or present and continued on into the future or that the action is directed away from the speaker) 4. imperative particle, go ahead and ...! {ញ៉ាំទៅ = Go ahead and eat/drink!} |
| រៀន | riən | to study, to learn, to practice |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| បានន័យថា | baan ney tʰaa | 1. that means, in other words 2. to mean |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| សាលារៀន | saalaa riən | school |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ចំណេញ | cɑmnəɲ | 1. benefit, gain, profit 2. income 3. to gain, profit from |
| ពេលវេលា | peel veelie | time |
| ដើរ | daə | 1. to walk, to go, to move 2. (of machines) to run |
| ចំណាយ | cɑmnaay | 1. expenditure, expenses, spending 2. to spend |
| យូរ | yuu | 1. slow 2. (of time) long 3. late |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| ហត់ | hɑt | 1. to be tired, weary 2. to be breathless, out of breath, to be panting, puffing |
| មកដល់ | mɔɔk dɑl | to arrive at, come to |
| លឿន | lɨən | fast, quick |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| នឹង | nɨŋ | future tense marker: will, about to |
| ទទួលទាន | tɔtuəl tien | 1. to consume, eat, drink, smoke 2. to accept a gift 3. to drink (water) 4. to enjoy someone's favor Notes: formal/polite |
| នូវ | nɨv | 1. marker of the direct object, especially in written, literary language 2. with, and, and also, along with, by means of |
| អាហារ | ʔaahaa | food, meal |
| និយាយលេង | niʔyiey leeŋ | to joke |
| ជាមួយនឹង | cie muəy nɨŋ | 1. together, along with 2. with |
| ក្រុមគ្រួសារ | krom kruəsaa | family, family members |
| តាម | taam | 1. to follow, to agree, to go along {ដើរតាមភ្ញៀវគ្រប់ជំហាន = to follow the customer’s every step} 2. according to, in accordance with, following, along, by, through {តាមអាយុ = according to age} {តាមសម្រួល = take it easy/take your time} 3. on, in, along {ជិះម៉ូតូតាមផ្លូវ = to ride a motorbike on the street} {ជិះតាមផ្លូវតូចៗ = to drive on small roads} {នៅតាមខេត្ត = in/throughout the province} {លក់នៅតាមផ្សារ = to sell in the market} |
| ទម្លាប់ | tumloap | 1. habit, custom 2. to make a habit of, to be accustomed to |
| ជាក់ជា | ceak cie | surely |
| ពុំខាន | pum kʰaan | without fail, without a doubt, certainly |