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| Khmer | Pronunciation | English/Notes |
|---|---|---|
| នៅ | nɨv | 1. in, at 2. to be located at, to live in or at, to reside, to stay, to be in 3. still, yet (pre-verbal marker of a durative or continuative aspect, as a final particle in the tag question ហើយឬនៅ it means 'yet' and as a reply to a question of this kind, it means 'not yet') {ញ៉ាំអីហើយនៅ? = Have you eaten already?} |
| ក្នុង | knoŋ | 1. in, inside 2. during + (time word) |
| រូបភាព | ruup pʰiep | 1. image, picture, drawing, photo 2. appearance, form, shape |
| ទី | tii | 1. particle used to form ordinal numbers 2. spot, place, location 3. rank, function, service |
| បន្ទាប់ពី | bɑntoap pii | after, next |
| ការ | kaa | 1. commonly occurs as a nominalizing particle deriving abstract nouns or noun phrases from verbs or verb phrases 2. work, occupation 3. business, affair, matter 4. to protect, defend, prevent 5. to marry 6. marriage 7. wedding 8. interest (e.g., on a loan) 9. profit 10. usury 11. to wind (into a skein/bobbin/reel) 12. to spin (silk) |
| ធ្វើ | tvəə | 1. to do, to make, to work, to prepare 2. to cultivate (a field) {ធ្វើស្រែ = to work in a rice field, be a farmer, grow rice} |
| ពិធី | piʔtʰii | 1. ceremony, celebration, ritual 2. occasion 3. process, method, way 4. traditions, customary rules |
| ស្រង់ | srɑŋ | 1. to pull/fish something out (of a liquid) 2. to save (a drowning person) 3. to extract (e.g., an article from a newspaper) 4. to rescue, save 5. to bathe (a Buddha statue, divinity, clergy) 6. to wash (oneself) (of the king or monks) 7. name of a mountain in Kompong Speu province 8. name of a large pond in front of the temple of Banteay Kdei in Siem Reap province, Cambodian kings in ancient times often went swimming in it |
| ព្រះ | preah | 1. Buddha, God, holy being 2. to be holy, sacred, divine 3. excellent, distinguished, superior (commonly used as a prefix before nominals referring to members of the royal family, Buddhist priests, the Buddha, God, and certain deified elements, such as earth and fire, where it serves as an honorific particle) |
| ហើយ | haǝy | 1. to be finished, ended, completed 2. enough! 3. final particle indicating completed action, already, by now 4. in a future context indicates action that will be completed at some future time 5. and, afterwards, next, then, after that |
| បាទ | baat | male politeness particle, also used to answer in the affirmative, or agree to or acknowledge a statement |
| គឺ | kɨɨ | 1. to be (equal to) 2. as follows, namely |
| ឪពុកម្ដាយ | ʔǝv puk mdaay | 1. parents 2. father and mother Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ឬក៏ | rɨɨ kɑɑ | or (on the other hand) |
| ជីដូនជីតា | cii doun cii taa | 1. grandparents 2. ancestors |
| គាត់ | koat | 1. he/him/his 2. she/her 3. they/them/their (formal/polite 3rd person pronoun) 4. you/your (intimate) |
| តែងតែ | taeŋ tae | usually, regularly, constantly, always, continually |
| ឲ្យពរ | ʔaoy pɔɔ | 1. to bless 2. to wish someone well 3. to send regards |
| ទៅដល់ | tɨv dɑl | 1. to arrive, to reach, to go to 2. until, up to 3. to, toward |
| កូន | koun | 1. child (of someone, as opposed to ក្មេង = child in general) 2. animal baby, young 3. small member of a class or set, small object {កូនថង់ = small bag} |
| ចៅ | cav | 1. grandchild 2. little one, young one (term of address to small children) 3. owner, chief, boss |
| ឲ្យ | ʔaoy | 1. to give 2. to let, to allow 3. for, to, in order to, so as to {ចង់ឲ្យខ្ញុំកុម្ម៉ង់អីញ៉ាំឲ្យហើយអត់? = Do you want me to order something for you already?} 4. in a... manner (forms adverbial phrases from predicatives) Notes: also written អោយ, ឱ្យ |
| បាន | baan | 1. to have completed/done something 2. to intend to complete something 3. marker of completed action 4. to get, obtain, acquire, to achieve, have been able to, to get/have the opportunity to do something 5. to get someone or something to do something (often translated by the English passive in this sense) 6. to be able to 7. not ... until, then and only then 8. to pass to someone through inheritance 9. to be OK, fine, all right 10. [spoken language] however, though, in contrast {ម្សិលមិញបានក្ដៅខ្លាំង = yesterday, however, it was very hot} 11. {បានហើយ = I'm done, I give up, I'm finished (depending on the context)} |
| សុខសប្បាយ | sok sapbaay | to be well and happy (commonly used in the greeting សុខសប្បាយឬទេ? = How are you?, but can also used when saying goodbye) |
| និង | nɨŋ | and |
| មាន | mien | 1. to have, possess, own 2. to exist, there is, there are 3. to be rich, own property 4. indicates the accomplishment of an action, to happen to, to have occasion to Notes: in spoken Khmer, negated មាន (មិនមាន or គ្មាន) can be contracted into មាន, e.g., មានអ្នកណាចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there's nobody who wants to meet you’ — contrast this with the affirmative: មានគេចង់ជួបឯង = ‘there’s somebody who wants to meet you’ |
| សេចក្តី | səckdəy | 1. affair, matter, case 2. subject, meaning, concept 3. reason, cause 4. nominalizing particle, forms abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives 5. these derivative nouns generally have the meaning of: the condition or state of … {សេចក្តីល្អ = goodness} Notes: ជើង ត, pronunciation: ជើង ដ |
| សុខ | sok | 1. to be healthy 2. to be safe, secure, peaceful, calm, tranquil 3. to be pleasant, comfortable 4. to be happy, glad, joyous 5. to be content, satisfied 6. to be successful 7. peace 8. joy, pleasure 9. health |
| បន្ទាប់មក | bɑntoap mɔɔk | next, then, afterwards, later |
| គ្រួសារ | kruəsaa | family |
| ខ្មែរ | kmae | Khmer, Cambodian |
| អង្គុយ | ʔɑŋkuy | to sit, to sit down |
| ញ៉ាំ | ɲam | to eat, to drink, to consume {ញ៉ាំបាយ = general term for 'to eat' (neutral form for younger persons and persons of the same age)} Notes: informal, of oneself, addressing children or close friends but not elders |
| បាយ | baay | 1. cooked rice 2. food, meal |
| ជុំគ្នា | cum knie | 1. to unite, reunite, assemble 2. together |
| អញ្ចឹង | ʔɑɲcəŋ | 1. in that case, so, then, therefore 2. like this/that 3. this/that much |
| នេះ | nih | 1. this, these 2. often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something nearby in time or space |
| យើង | yəəŋ | 1. we 2. I (familiar) 3. in final position used to refer to 'our Cambodian ...' {ទុរេនកំពតយើងមែន? = Kampot durian (from our country, Cambodia), right?} |
| ឃើញ | kʰəəɲ | 1. to see, to perceive 2. to understand, to recognize 3. គិត ... ឃើញ = to find a solution, figure out, solve 4. to come to a conclusion, realize, understand |
| ថា | tʰaa | 1. to say, tell, pronounce 2. that (introduces a question or indirect discourse) 3. I've [just] said, [...] |
| នោះ | nuh | 1. that, those (often serves simply to emphasize something already referred to or something distant in time or space) 2. then |
| កំពុងតែ | kɑmpuŋ tae | to be in the process of (doing something) |
| ដោយ | daoy | 1. by, with, along 2. (indicator of an adverb) in a ... manner 3. because |
| ទម្លាប់ | tumloap | 1. habit, custom 2. to make a habit of, to be accustomed to |
| ប្រទេស | prɑteeh | country, nation |
| កម្ពុជា | kampuʔcie | Cambodia |
| អាហារ | ʔaahaa | food, meal |
| ពេលល្ងាច | peel lŋiec | evening, in the evening |
| ពេលថ្ងៃត្រង់ | peel tŋay trɑŋ | noon, at noon |
| ពុំ | pum | negative particle: not, non-, without Notes: ពុំ is a stylistic variant of មិន and may replace it in many cases, like មិន it usually occurs with the final particle ទេ់; ពុំ is somewhat more respectful than other negative particles and is commonly used when addressing a superior |
| ប្រើប្រាស់ | praə prah | to use |
| តុ | tok | 1. table, desk 2. small plate on legs for fruit or dessert Notes: irregular pronunciation |
| ទេ | tee | 1. particle: negative particle occurring in phrase final position especially after មិន, ពុំ, etc. 2. interrogative particle occurring in phrase final position, often in the combination ឬទេ 3. neutral/positive particle to add emphasis {ខ្ញុំសុខសប្បាយទេ = I'm fine!} {យកតែមួយទេ = I’ll take only one!} |
| ក្រាល | kraal | 1. to spread (out), cover, pave, floor, lay out, unroll 2. to display 3. to be swollen, distended |
| កន្ទេល | kɑnteel | mat Notes: may be woven of many different grasses such as ជ្រេ, រំចេក, រុន, but it is commonly woven of កក់ |
| លើ | ləə | 1. up, on, over, above 2. to be on, over, above, located on top 3. in regard to, concerning, toward, for, against |
| កម្រាល | kɑmraal | 1. cover, covering, carpet, mat 2. sheet Notes: root: ក្រាល; also written កំរាល |
| មួយ | muəy | 1. one {មួយៗ = one by one} 2. one person/myself {សុំចេញមួយ = Please let me [go] out!} {សុំទៅមួយ = Please give way [for me one person]!} {សុំចុះមួយ = Please let me [one person] get off [the bus]!} |
| ព្រោះ | prʊəh | because (of), since |
| ជា | cie | 1. to be (equal to), to be as 2. to be well, in good health, recovered 3. to be effective (of medicines) |
| តាំងពី | taŋ pii | since, from, starting with |
| ដើម | daəm | 1. trunk (of a tree or the body), stock 2. stalk 3. tree, plant 4. source, origin 5. base, foundation, beginning 6. cause 7. originator 8. substance, matter, topic 9. case, facts 10. role, condition 11. initial investment, capital, principal 12. to be original, first 13. clf. for long, thin, stick-like objects such as trees, poles, pencils, and guns |
| បែប | baep | kind, sort, model, type, style, form, shape, method, way |
| តែម្ដង | tae mdɑɑŋ | 1. immediately, at once, right away, directly 2. all of a sudden 3. generally, in general 4. totally Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ម្ហូប | mhoup | food, meal |
| ជាច្រើន | cie craən | many, a lot, in abundance |
| ដូចជា | douc cie | such as, like, as though, to seem as though, for instance |
| ត្រី | trəy | 1. generic term for fish 2. prefix in words of Indo-European origin: 'tri,' 'three,' 'triple' etc. |
| បន្លែ | bɑnlae | vegetable |
| ដាក់ | dak | 1. to put, place 2. to deposit 3. to add (ingredients) 4. to set (e.g., a trap) 5. to establish 6. to assign 7. to locate, settle, station 8. to lock up 9. to fasten 10. to use 11. to strike, hit hard 12. to affect 13. to subject someone to 14. to be hard hit, suffer a setback 15. to have bad luck, cause bad luck 16. to feel unwell, have an upset stomach (especially after eating certain fruits) 17. to contract for 18. to subscribe to 19. to renounce (a throne) 20. to put aside (religious vows) 21. in, into, on 22. to eat, drink 23. to kneel 24. command to an elephant to kneel by bending the rear legs |
| ចាន | caan | plate, bowl, dish |
| រាប | riep | 1. to be flat, level, even, smooth 2. to be obedient, submissive, pacified 3. tame 4. gentle 5. calm, quiet 6. polite |
| ពងក្រពើ | pɔɔŋ krɑpəə | 1. crocodile egg 2. to be oval 3. oval container |
| ទាប | tiep | low (of height or class) |
| តូច | touc, tuuc | 1. small, little, tiny 2. minor |
| ចំនួន | cɑmnuən | amount, number, quantity |
| ពីរ | pii, pɨl | two |
| ទឹក | tɨk | 1. water, juice, liquid 2. round (e.g., of a boxing match) |
| សម្ល | sɑmlɑɑ | soup |
| ដែល | dael | 1. who, whom, which, where, when 2. of/to/in/at which/whom 3. the fact/reason that 4. ever, happened to, having done at least once, having been to, already, always, had occasion to, have ever {អត់ដែលដឹងសោះ = I’ve never known this!} |
| ចានគោម | caan koom | kind of large bowl (especially one used as a soup tureen) |
| ទាំងអស់ | teaŋ ʔɑh | all, all of |
| កណ្ដាល | kɑndaal | 1. center, middle 2. mean, medium 3. to be medium, average, intermediate 4. central 5. between, in the middle of Notes: ជើង ដ |
| ពួកគាត់ | puək koat | they |
| មនុស្ស | mɔnuh, meaʔnuh | human being, person |
| ជុំវិញ | cum vɨɲ | 1. around, surrounding, on all sides 2. about, concerning |
| ដើម្បី | daəmbəy | in order to, for, to, toward, reserved for |
| ជាមួយនឹង | cie muəy nɨŋ | 1. together, along with 2. with |
| នីមួយៗ | niimuəy niimuəy | each, each one, every one, various, all |
| សមាជិក | saʔmaacɨk | member (of an organization) |
| កាន់ | kan | 1. to hold, carry in the hand, grasp, hang on to 2. to control, be in charge of, be responsible for 3. to withstand, support, sustain, bear 4. to hold to, believe in, keep/observe (e.g., a religion) {កាន់សាសនាព្រះពុទ្ធ = to believe in Buddhism} 5. (of a spirit) to possess |
| ឡើង | laəŋ | 1. to go up, ascend 2. (of aircraft) to take off 3. to rise, get up 4. to climb 5. to get on/board (a means of transport) 6. to go upstream 7. to ferment, rise (of dough) 8. to increase 9. up, upwards 10. upstream 11. increasingly 12. on 13. often occurs as a verb complement in various meanings |
| ក៏ | kɑɑ | marker of sequential or consecutive action: also, so, then, therefore, accordingly |
| ចាប់ | cap | 1. to catch, capture, seize, grasp, get 2. to receive (e.g., a radio or television broadcast) 3. to select 4. clf. for handfuls 5. to begin to, undertake, start 6. to be painful |
| ចង្កឹះ | cɑŋkəh | chopsticks |
| ស្លាបព្រា | slaap prie | 1. spoon 2. spoonful |
| ដួស | duəh | 1. to scoop up/out, dip up 2. to serve food 3. to ladle/apportion (with a spoon) 4. to skim off (e.g., scum) |
| ជាទូទៅ | cie tuu təv | in general, as a whole, generally |
| រក្សា | reaksaa | 1. to take care of, protect 2. to keep, maintain 3. to observe, pay attention to, watch |
| សុជីវធម៌ | soʔciiveaʔtʰoa | 1. savoir vivre, courtesy, manners, good-breeding 2. knowledge of the world, ability to live elegantly |
| គេ | kee | 1. he, she 2. one, someone 3. other(s) |
| ហៅ | hav | 1. to call, name 2. to order (e.g., in a restaurant), specifically to stop a vehicle 3. to send for, summon 4. to invite (guests) |
| សីលធម៌ | sel tʰoa, sǝl tʰoa | 1. ethics, morals, virtue 2. morality 3. manners and behavior that lead one to do good and avoid evil 4. precepts of righteousness |
| ត្រូវ | trəv | 1. must, have to 2. to be correct, right, proper, exact, accurate 3. to concern, have to do with, to agree/jibe with, coincide with 4. to be affected with/by, to suffer, undergo (ត្រូវ + CLAUSE marks a passive-like construction in which the subject of the clause introduced by ត្រូវ is translated as the agent in the passive construction) |
| ចាស់ | cah | 1. old, mature 2. (of colors) to be intense, dark, (of seasonings) to be strong, excessive, (of fruits) to be almost ripe |
| លូក | luuk | 1. to reach/thrust out/extend (especially the hand), put (the hand) in some place 2. to stretch out 3. to protrude |
| មុន | mun | 1. previous(ly), former(ly) {ខែមុន = last month} 2. first, before {ញ៉ាំមុនចុះ = Go ahead and eat first!} |
| ទោះបីជា | tʊəh bəy cie | although, even though |
| ឃ្លាន | klien | 1. to be hungry 2. to be hungry for |
| យ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ | yaaŋ naa kɑɑ daoy | anyway, nevertheless, no matter how, despite this |
| ប្រសិនបើ | prɑsən baə | if |
| ជាមួយ | cie muəy | with |
| មិន | mɨn | negative particle not, non- (usually requires the final particle ទេ) |
| យក | yɔɔk | 1. to take (in one's hand or with oneself), hold 2. when ordering: I’ll take, I’ll have {យកបបរគ្រឿងសាច់ជ្រូកម៉ាចាន = I’ll have a bowl of pork porridge} 3. to take (away) 4. to steal 5. to bring 6. to borrow 7. to get, obtain, achieve |
| មក | mɔɔk | 1. to come (toward the speaker in space or time) 2. to come to/towards (often used as a final particle indicating that the action began at some point in the past and continued up to the present) 3. (from then) on, (from that time) forth 4. to, toward |
| ពិសា | piʔsaa, piisaa | to eat, to consume Notes: polite form used when speaking to older persons |
| ទើប | təəp | 1. then, only then, next 2. so, consequently {យប់មិញជួបមិត្តចាស់ទើបខ្ញុំញ៉ាំស្រា = yesterday, I met old friends, so I had drinks [with them]} 3. just {ទើបមកដល់ម្សិលមិញ = [they’ve] just arrived yesterday} |
| អាច | ʔaac | 1. to be able/qualified (to do something), capable of (doing something) 2. to be possible 3. to be in condition (to), be in a position (to) 4. to dare to |
| តាម | taam | 1. to follow, to agree, to go along {ដើរតាមភ្ញៀវគ្រប់ជំហាន = to follow the customer’s every step} 2. according to, in accordance with, following, along, by, through {តាមអាយុ = according to age} {តាមសម្រួល = take it easy/take your time} 3. on, in, along {ជិះម៉ូតូតាមផ្លូវ = to ride a motorbike on the street} {ជិះតាមផ្លូវតូចៗ = to drive on small roads} {នៅតាមខេត្ត = in/throughout the province} {លក់នៅតាមផ្សារ = to sell in the market} |
| ក្រោយ | kraoy | 1. to be next, behind, after 2. back 3. later, next 4. in the future |
| ដូច្នេះ | doucneh | 1. so, thus, therefore 2. like this |
| សម្ដែង | sɑmdaəŋ | 1. to express (an idea) 2. to show, display, demonstrate 3. to come into view 4. to act, perform, portray on the stage 5. to declare, proclaim 6. to publish, promulgate Notes: root: ស្តែង; ជើង ដ; also written សំដែង |
| នូវ | nɨv | 1. marker of the direct object, especially in written, literary language 2. with, and, and also, along with, by means of |
| គោរព | koorup | 1. to respect, obey, honor 2. respect |
| ដល់ | dɑl | 1. to reach, to attain, to arrive at 2. to, toward, up to, as far as, at, until |
| ត្រូវតែ | trəv tae | have to, must, should, ought to |
| ពេល | peel | 1. time 2. moment, instant, period of time |
| ក្មេង | kmeeŋ | 1. child, young person 2. young |
| ចំណែក | cɑmnaek | 1. as for, as to, regarding 2. part, division, portion, fragment, quotient |
| និយាយ | niʔyiey | to speak, say, talk, relate, tell, to narrate, to talk over, discuss |
| ហូប | houp | to eat |
| ប្រើ | praə | to use |
| ចំពោះ | cɑmpʊəh | toward, to, about, as for |
| អាយុ | ʔaayuʔ | 1. to be ... years old 2. age |
| បង | bɑɑŋ | 1. elder sibling 2. you (addressing an acquaintance, friend, elder sibling, or husband), or I (if elder than the addressee) 3. you (politely addressing a stranger who's not too much younger than oneself) |
| តិច | təc | 1. to be few (in number), small (in size or extent), less 2. a little bit, somewhat 3. phrase-final: makes a request more polite {ចង់ពឹងឲ្យជួយលើកអីវ៉ាន់តិច = Can you please help me carrying these things?} {ខ្ញុំសុំលអាវនេះតិចបានអេ៎? = Can I try on this shirt here, please?} 4. phrase-initial: expressing concern {តិចមានបញ្ហាអីទៅ បង? = Will this be a problem?} |
| បន្តិច | bɑntəc | 1. a little, a little bit, in small amounts, few 2. rather, slightly, just barely 3. in a little while Notes: ជើង ត |
| ចំណែកឯ | cɑmnaek ʔae | as for, as to, regarding |
| វា | vie | 1. it (of animals, things, or very young children) 2. he, she, they (familiar or contemptuous) |
| គួរសម | kuə sɑɑm | 1. polite, acceptable, appropriate 2. reasonable, moderate {មានច្រើនគួរសមដែរ = it has a reasonably/relatively many} |
| ជាង | cieŋ | 1. (more) ... than, in excess of, exceeding, to a greater extent than 2. marks the comparative degree of an adjective {ល្អជាង = better} 3. craftsman, artisan, skilled worker, smith {ជាងថត = camera man} |